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Non-Ferrous Metals

Every non-ferrous metals alloy available on the market brought to you by our Omnichannel Manufacturing network

What are Non-Ferrous Metals?

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Non ferrous metals are those which do not contain significant quantities of iron or iron as base metal. These metals exhibit low strength at high temperatures, generally suffer from hot shortness and have more shrinkage than ferrous metals.
They do have a number of properties which are advantageous in a range of metal casting applications:

  • 1. High corrosion resistance
  • 2. Easy to fabricate, i.e., machining, casting, welding, forging and rolling.
  • 3. Very good thermal and electrical conductivity.
  • 4. Attractive color and low density.

Characteristics of Non Ferrous Metals Commonly Used

The following are the characteristics of non ferrous metals and their alloys commonly used in industry :

  • Copper
  • Aluminium
  • Tin
  • Lead
  • Zinc
  • Nickel
  • Magnesium

Properties and Applications of copper

  • (1) High Thermal Conductivity: Used in heat exchangers, heating vessels and appliances etc.
  • (2) High Electrical Conductivity: Used as electrical conductor in many applications.
  • (3) Good Corrosion Resistance: Used for providing coating on steel prior to nickel and chromium plating.
  • (4) High Ductility: Easily cold worked, folded and spun. Requires annealing after cold working as it loses its ductility.

Properties and Applications of Aluminium

  • (1) Like copper it is also corrosion resistant.
  • (2) It is very good conductor of heat and electricity although not as good as copper.
  • (3) Possesses high ductility and light weight so widely utilized in aircraft industry.
  • (4) Needs frequent annealing if cold worked since it becomes hard after cold working.
  • (5) In view of its ductility and malleability it has replaced copper in electrical transmission and appliances to some extent.
  • (6) It is used in manufacturing of household utensils including pressure cookers.

Properties and Applications of Lead

  • (1) Its specific gravity is 7.1 and melting point is 360°C.
  • (2) It is resistant to corrosion and many chemicals do not react with it (even acids).
  • (3) It is soft, heavy and malleable, can be easily worked and shaped.
  • (4) Lead is utilized as alloying element in producing solders.
  • (5) It is alloyed with both brass and steel to improve their machinability.
  • (6) It is used to manufacture water pipes, coating for electrical cables, acid tanks and roof coverings etc.

Properties and Applications of Tin

  • (1) Tin is malleable, ductile, and can be rolled into very thin sheets.
  • (2) It is used for tinning of copper, brass utensils and copper wire before its conversion into cables.
  • (3) It is useful as a protective coating for iron and steel since it does not corrode in dry or wet atmospheres.
  • (4) It is utilized for making important alloys such as fine solder and moisture proof packing with thin tin sheets.

Properties and Applications of Zinc

  • (1) High corrosion resistance: Widely used as protective coating on iron and steel. Coating may be applied by dip galvanizing or electroplating.
  • (2) High fluidity and low melting point: Most suitable metal for pressure die casting generally in the form of alloy.
  • (3) When rolled into sheets, zinc is utilized for roof coverings and providing a damp proof non-corrosive lining to containers.
  • (4) Zinc is used in manufacture of brasses.

Properties and Applications of Nickel

  • (1) Pure nickel is tough, silver coloured metal, harder than copper, having some but less ductility but of about same strength.
  • (2) It is plated on steel to provide a corrosion resistant surface layer.
  • (3) Widely used as an alloying element with steel. Higher proportions are added in the production of steels such as monel or conel.
  • (4) Nickel possesses good resistance to both acids and alkalis and so is widely utilised in food processing equipment.

Properties and Applications of Magnesium

  • (1) Magnesium is the lightest of all metals weighing around two-thirds of aluminium.
  • (2) The tensile strength of cast magnesium is the same as that of ordinary cast aluminium, i.e., 90 MPa.
  • The tensile strength of rolled annealed magnesium is same as that of good quality cast iron.
  • (4) Magnesium can be easily formed, drawn forged and machined with high accuracy.
  • (5) In powdered form it is likely to burn - adequate fire protection measures should be strictly observed.
  • (6) Castings of magnesium are pressure tight and achieve good surface finish. Magnesium castings include car gearboxes, differential housings and portable tools.

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